Following the PLAN stage, where action plans have been validated, ranked and operationalised, the actual implementation of the project starts. Standard project management tools will play a more prominent role here. However, as many smart city and low energy district plans may have an experimental character to some extent, the realisation of the plan is not entirely predictable. In particular smart city plans have innovative technologies and novel approaches at their heart, but their actual performance and appropriateness can often only be fully assessed afterwards. Therefore adjustments, alterations and amendments can be expected at this stage, in close relation to the next stages of CHECK and ACT. Further, the ICT component is even more important during this stage, for instance through the
establishment of an urban platform enabling not only smarter operations of urban infrastructures, utilities and buildings, but also smarter (re)design of cities and districts and smarter provision of services.